In The Real World

In the real world, there are no mythical creatures such as dragons, unicorns, or fairies. These beings exist only in stories, films, and our imaginations. However, certain animals may appear to be mythical beings due to their unique and odd characteristics.

For example, the narwhal appears to be a supernatural creature, with its long, spiral tusk emerging from its head. It’s commonly referred to as the “unicorn of the sea.” Another example is the axolotl, a salamander that has the ability to regrow its limbs, much like a fairytale creature.

Then there are deep-sea creatures like the anglerfish, which has a bioluminescent lure dangling in front of its mouth and appears to be something out of a scary story. And the mantis shrimp, which has extremely powerful claws capable of breaking through shells and tank glass.
While these creatures may not be as fantastical as dragons or griffins, they still create a sense of wonder and mystery in the real world.

Do hyenas really laugh?

There is actually a kind of hyena that is called the laughing hyena. It is the spotted hyena and is the largest member of the hyena family.

When this creature is on the prowl, or becomes excited by something, it utters a kind of eerie howl and chuckling gurgle that sounds lie a laugh. But, of course, it is not “laughing” in the sense that human beings laugh. It is just making a shrieking noise that -to us-sounds like it is laughing.

The laughing hyena is a fierce-looking animal that stands about one meter high at the shoulder and is about 1.85 meters long. A big one may weigh as much as 80 kilograms.

By day this hyena sleeps in a burrow or cave. When darkness falls, it comes out to seek food. Hyenas often hunt alone, but they may gather in packs around the remains of a kill left by lions or other beasts of prey. Their keen sense lead them to the kill, and they clean up all the remains.

The hyena is usually cowardly and sneaky, and it prefers to eat what others have killed and left. But it also lingers around camps and villages and sometimes attacks people sleeping in the open. It often follows herds of cattle or antelope. Closing in for the kill, it attacks a sick or crippled animal or else a very young or very old one.

The spotted, or laughing hyena, is an Africa species and it ranges from Ethiopia to the Cape of Good Hope. An unusual thing about the spotted hyena is that , unlike most animals, the female is larger than the male.

What are eels?

Eels are fish. Like all other fishes, they have backbones, live in water, and breathe trough gills. They are cold-blooded -that is, their body temperature varies with the surrounding temperature.

Most kinds of eels live in the sea. A few kinds live in fresh water for long periods of time, but they too spend part of their lives in salt water. All eels shed their eggs in salt water.

The eels most familiar to North Americans are the freshwater eels. They live in lakes, ponds, and streams from the Atlantic to the Mississippi River. Conger eels and moray eels, which live only in salt water, are found along the rocky coast of southern California and along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, and along the Atlantic coast of the United States.

Eels eat many things, including dead fish and afternoon you can find tiny eels feeding in shallow salt water. When disturbed, they burrow rapidly into the sand.

The skin of eels feels smooth, for it is slimy with mucus. But there are tiny scales in the skin of freshwater eels and some others.

Freshwater eels migrate a long distance to spawn (shed their eggs) and they spawn in salt water, even though they live in fresh water. Few other fish can go from the ocean to fresh water, or from fresh water to the ocean, without dying. Biologists think that the body mucus helps protect eels against damage from this change.

Freshwater eels, moray eels, and some others, have a remarkable ability to recover from wounds that would kill other fish. A substance in their blood prevents possible infection.

Why does a baby kangaroo stay so long in the pouch?

Pouched mammals from one order of mammals, the marsupials. Marsupials differ from all other mammals in the way their young develop and are cared for.

At birth, a baby kangaroo is hardly 2.5 centimeters long and not even fully formed. Its tail and hind legs are like tiny stumps. Its eyes are closed, and its ears are not fully formed. Its mouth is just a tiny hole. Only its front feet are well developed, with toes and nail.

As soon as the tiny baby kangaroo is born, it begins to climb through the mother’s fur toward the opening of her pouch. It seems to be guided by instinct. The mother, however, licks a path for it through her fur. Climbing hand over hand, the baby reaches the opening of the pouch and pops in.

Once inside, the baby quickly searches out a nipple and hangs. The little kangaroo remains firmly attached there for a number of weeks, nursing and developing. It grows, becomes covered with fur, its eyes open, and its ears from. Finally, it can let go of the nipple and peer out of the pouch.

When it is several months old, it starts to venture outside. But if danger threatens, it pops right back. By the time the baby is six months old, it is too big to fit into the pouch.

Now it eats grass and vegetable matter, like its mother. It is well on the way to growing up and taking care of itself.

Why do birds sing?

The bird songs and calls we hear in the spring are part of the courtship that precedes mating.

The male uses his song to attract a mate. When male and female have found each other, the male woos the female by more singing. In some species of birds, the females respond with songs of their own.

Not all birds sing. And there are even some birds, such as the stork and the pelican, that seem to have no voice at all. Birds have vocal organs that are a bit different from ours.

In man, the vocal chords are located in the larynx at the upper end of the windpipe. in a structure called the syrinx. These membranes which are located at the lower end of the windpipe in a structure called the syrinx. These membranes vibrate.

The reason different families of birds are able to produce different songs is that the shape of this structure, and the number of muscles which control the membranes, varies with different birds.

Birds make other sounds besides singing. There are notes, signals from one bird to another of the same kind, and there are alarm calls, which all species of bird recognize as meaning danger.

If a snake approaches a nest too closely, this alarm call will be used , and birds of many kinds in the area will arrive and try to help. Notes and calls are used by birds throughout the year, but the songs are usually heard during the nesting season only.

Bird songs differ from each other in pitch , pattern, rhythm, and quality. The thrushes are supposed to have the greatest ability to sing true songs.

Where do dogs come from?

All the living members of the dog family are descended from a wolflike creature called tomarctus. This ancient canine, called “the father of dogs” roamed the earth forests perhaps 15,000,000 years ago.

The characteristics and habits of the wild dogs are all shared by the domestic dog. Domestic dogs are brothers under the skin to wolves, coyotes. And jackals- the typical wild dogs. All belong to the branch of the dog family called canis.

All are so closely related that domestics dogs can mate with wolves, coyotes , 0r jackals and produce fertile offspring. But none of these species will interbreed with foxes. The foxes belong to another branch of the canine family .

At some time long ago early man tamed a few wild dogs. These dogs may have been wolf cubs. Or they may have been jackals or some other member of the wild dog family . man found that these animals could be useful . he used them to help him catch other animals and birds for food and clothing.

As man became more civilized . he found that the dog was a good friend and a helpful guard for his home and cattle. In time different breeds of dogs were developed for special purposes. Dogs with long noses, like setters, pointers, and beagles, were bred to track the scent of game, birds, and rabbits. Others, like greyhounds, chased rabbits and deer. Strong , heavy dogs like the mastiff pulled carts. Other dogs were bred to use for guard work and to scent the enemy in war. In additions to hunting and working dogs, other breeds came to be used in sport and as pets.

Can snakes hear?

Snakes have no ears on the outside of their heads. This means that they do not hear airborne sounds as you do.

But snakes are sensitive to vibrations through the ground. So when a snake seems to “hear you coming,” it is really feeling the ground shaking under your footsteps. Although a snake seems to have no sense of hearing, it more than makes up for it with other sense.

Most snakes can see very well. The eyes of snakes are always open, for snakes do not have movable eyelids. Snakes notice their prey more by movement than by shape or color. Snakes have a very keen sense of smell. They can recognize prey animals, enemies, and each other by odors.

Snakes also have another sense, related to both smell and taste, that human beings don’t have. A snake can pick up chemical particles from the air, from the ground, or from some other animal or object, with the tips of its long-forked tongue. The snake then thrusts these tips into a pair of opening in the roof of its mouth. These opening contain some highly sensitive nerve cells. And with these the snake can identify the chemical particles as food, enemy, friend, or whatever.

In fact, snakes have such a highly developed chemical sense that they can follow the trail of another animal like a well-trained hound. In addition, certain snakes-pit vipers and some boas and vipers-have a sense that no other animal has developed. They can sense a prey animal that is a little warmer or a little cooler than its surroundings.

This is a heat sense, and it enables these snakes to locate and strike a prey animal in the dark without ever seeing it!

How does a caterpillar spin a cocoon?

The larvae or young of butterflies and moths are called caterpillars. A caterpillar is really an insect in the making.

When a caterpillars undergo is called metamorphosis. The first step for many moth caterpillars is to build cocoons. They spin them with threads of sticky fluid that flows from an opening in the lower lip. This fluid hardens in the air and becomes the thread we call natural silk.

Some caterpillars from bags of silk that entirely enclose them. Others roll up a leaf, fastening the edges with the silk. Many of the hairy kinds of caterpillars pad the cocoons with their own hair. Some caterpillar, including most of those in the butterfly group, do not build cocoons.

But all caterpillars go through a resting stage, and in this stage, it is called a pupa. The pupa does nothing except rest. This stage may last two weeks; it may last a while winter. During this period the caterpillar changes into a full-grown butterfly or moth.

In its new and adult from, it emerges wet and shaky from the cocoon. As blood flows into the wings, the adult flutters its wings and dries them. In a few hours, when the wings are strong and fry, the butterfly or moth flies off to live as an adult.

Why can’t the ostrich fly?

In the air the force of gravity is felt even more than when standing on the ground. This is because air gives little support to a creature’s weight. Only small birds are able to fly by flipping their wings, because very large breast muscles are needed for this purpose.

A large bird does not have room for such muscles. And so, the real giants among birds cannot fly at all. These include the ostrich, the rhea of South America, the emu of Australia, and a few others. All are much too heavy to fly. No bird can be truly a giant and still fly.

Is the ostrich really a giant? It certainly is! It is the largest of living birds. A full-grown ostrich is 2 meters, and sometimes 2.5 meters tall. It weighs from 70 to more than 135 kilograms!

But birds that cannot fly in some cases make up for this by having tremendous running speed. The ostrich is believed by some experts to be the fastest running bird. It has long, strong, thick legs and it can speed across the desert faster than the swift Arabian horse.

Some people claim they have seen ostriches run as fast as 80 kilometers an hour. But biologists believe that the fastest as ostrich can run as from 45 to 60 kilometers per hour-which is very fast, indeed.

The stride of an ostrich as it runs, moving one foot and then the other, can cover as much as 8.5 meters in a single leap.

How do jellyfish reproduction?

One of the most common jellyfishes in the world is the moon jellyfish. It has long, milky-looking threads streaming down from its round, cuplike body.

On the upper side of a fully grown moon jellyfish there is a pink or orange pattern like a four-leaf clover. The four “leaves” are the reproductive organs. In male jellyfish they produce sperm cells, which are released through the animal’s mouth into the water.

The eggs develop in four long, trailing folds that hang down from the mouth. Then something strange starts to happen. The polyp and swim away. Each becomes a separate little jellyfish.

Apparently, the jellyfish way of life and of reproducing works out quite well. Jellyfish have been doing this for more than 600,000,000 years! They are among the oldest forms of life on earth

Can animals communicate?

The chief means of communication that humans have is words. No animals are able to communicate with words, of course, but many animals are able to communicate with one another.

Many animals communicate by making certain kind of noises. When a horse , for example , neighs or paws the ground this means something to other horses. A hen gives a warning noise to her chicks when danger present.

Dogs communicate in a verity of ways: they bark, growl, snarl, whine, and howl. They bare their teeth or lift a paw. Other dogs understand these sound or movements.

Bees have a fantastic ability to communicate. When they return to the hive, they do a chance that tells the other bees what kind of flowers they have found, how far away they are, the direction to go, and so on.

Birds, as we all know, have bird songs. And they are able to communicate in this way. In fact, there are “dialects” in bird songs. The song of the same kind of bird is slightly different in Switzerland than it is in England, and it even varies in different parts of the country.

Many people believe that their pet dog can understand human language. Actually, what dogs learn is what certain tones of voice mean, not the actual words. An interesting thing is that domestic animals, such as cats and dogs, have learned how to communicate with their masters. They beg for food, or mew until a door is opened. But wild animals do not seem able to express their desires, such as begging for food from each other.

But even when animals do communicate, the most they can express is feelings and intentions. They cannot have a “conversation.”

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